05th May 2023 CURRENT AFFAIRS (Eng.Med.)

 

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Lord Buddha

Why in discussion?

Introduction to Lord Buddha

Buddha’s teachings

 

Why in discussion?

Today Buddha Purnima is being celebrated in the country and abroad.

 

Introduction to Buddha

 

Lord Buddha was born in Lumbini in 563 BC in the house of King Shuddhodhan of Kshatriya Shakya clan. His mother’s name was Mahamaya who was from the Koliya dynasty, who died seven days after his birth, he was brought up by Mahaprajapati Gautami. At the age of 29, after marriage, Siddhartha left his home and went to the forest in search of the way to get rid of the world from old age, death, sorrows and true divine knowledge, leaving the fascination of the royal path at night. After several years of rigorous practice, he attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya (Bihar) and became Lord Buddha from Siddhartha Gautama. Lord Buddha established the Buddhist Sangha in Sarnath.

 

Buddha’s teachings

 

The essence of the teachings of Lord Buddha is non-violence and renunciation. The Four Noble Truths and or the Eightfold Path are the strong foundation of Buddhist teachings.

 

The following are the Four Noble Truths as the core teachings of Buddhism:

 

1. The world is full of sorrow and suffering.

2. All suffering has one cause (samudaya) which is desire (trishna).

3. Pain and suffering can be ended by getting rid of desires (nirodha).

4. Craving can be controlled through the eightfold path.

Following are the Ashtanga routes below:

 

1) Right Thought

 

2) Due faith

 

3) Right Speech

 

4) Samyak Karma

 

5) Right livelihood

 

6) due diligence

 

7) Right memory

 

8) Samyak Samadhi

 

                                               2.Shanghai Cooperation Organization

 

Why in discussion?

What is Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?

What is the importance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization for India?

Is the Shanghai Cooperation Organization capable of bringing prosperity and peace to Asia and the world?

What is the future of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?

 

 

Why in discussion?

A meeting of foreign ministers of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is being held in Goa.

 

What is Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is a permanent international organization consisting of eight member states—Russia, China, India, Pakistan, and four Central Asian countries—Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Mongolia, Iran, Afghanistan and Belarus are included as observer countries. It is a group of Asia and Central Asia countries.

 

What is the importance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization for India?

The importance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization is as follows.

1. To strengthen mutual trust and harmony among the member countries.

2. To promote cooperation in political trade and economy, research and technology.

3. Increasing cooperation in education, energy, transport, tourism, environmental degradation.

4. Maintaining peace, security and stability in the region.

 

Is the Shanghai Cooperation Organization capable of bringing prosperity and peace to Asia and the world?

Yes of course it is a group of capable countries of Asia and Central Asia, it includes powers like Russia, China, India.

 

What is the future of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?

The following may be the future challenges for the Shanghai Organization.

1. Combating terrorism, separatism, stopping drug and arms trafficking and preventing illegal immigration.

2. The diversity of history, background, language, national interests and culture of the members of the organization, despite their geographical proximity, makes the decision-making process of the SCO challenging.

3. The attitude of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is anti-Western in many respects, due to which India’s relations with Western countries can become tense.

4. Russia and China have significant influence in SCO, both are co-founding members, so there are less opportunities for India to play a leadership role in this organization.