25 MAY 2023

Akhbaar Analysis

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Today’s topic

1. What is the Parliament Opening Controversy?

2. What is Sengol?

3. What is the reason for the violence in Manipur?

4. Why the conflict in Sudan?

5. International Booker Prize

                          1.What is Parliament Opening Controversy?

 The new parliament will be inaugurated on 28 May. Controversy regarding inauguration is in front. The Speaker of the Lok Sabha has invited the Prime Minister regarding the controversy over who should inaugurate the new Parliament. The opposition is not accepting this, they say that it should be inaugurated by the President and some people believe that the Lok Sabha Speaker should inaugurate the Parliament because the Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, so he should inaugurate the Parliament. .

 When was the foundation stone of the new parliament laid?

The Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, laid the foundation stone of the new building of the Parliament of India on 10 December 2022.

 Where is the new parliament being constructed?

The new Parliament House is proposed to be built near the existing Parliament House. It will be a triangular building while the existing Parliament House is circular.

 Why is the new parliament being built?

According to the government and officials, the need for the construction of a new building was felt due to the increasing work of the Parliament. The present Parliament House was built during the British era, which is about 100 years (93 years) old and lacks space and state-of-the-art facilities.

 What are the features of the new Parliament?

In the new building of Parliament, seating arrangements have been made for 888 members of the lower house, Lok Sabha. The Lok Sabha will be on the ground floor in the new building.

At the same time, 384 members of the Upper House Rajya Sabha will be able to sit in it.

This has been done keeping in mind the increase in the number of MPs in future.

India currently has 543 seats in the Lok Sabha and 245 in the Rajya Sabha.

During the joint sitting of the new Parliament House, 1272 members will be able to sit there.

 Key facts about Indian Parliament

 The Indian Parliament is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India.

India has a bicameral legislature composed of the President and two houses: the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha.

In a parliamentary system, the President in his role as head of the legislature has full power to summon and prorogue the Houses of Parliament or to dissolve the Lok Sabha.

The President exercises these powers on the advice of the Prime Minister and his Union Council of Ministers.

The people and ministers elected or nominated by the President to either House of the Parliament are called Members of Parliament.

Members of Parliament, Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people of India through voting in single-member districts.

The Rajya Sabha is elected by proportional representation by the members of all the State Legislative Assemblies. The Parliament has a sanctioned strength of 543 in the Lok Sabha and 245 in the Rajya Sabha, consisting of 12 nominees from various fields of expertise in literature, arts, science and social service. The Parliament meets in the Parliament House in New Delhi.

 The Lok Sabha consists of directly elected representatives of the people of the nation, whose maximum number is 550.Rajya Sabha is a permanent house with a maximum strength of 250 members.

The election/nomination of the members of Rajya Sabha is for 6 years. Whose 1/3 members keep retiring every 2 years.In the parliamentary system, at present the number of members of the Lok Sabha is 543 and the number of members of the Rajya Sabha is 245.

 Construction of Indian Parliament:

The construction of our country’s Parliament House began in 1921 and was completed in 1927 and the foundation stone was laid by HRH Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn in February 1921. It took five years to complete this building.

The Parliament House was designed by British architects Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker and constructed between 1921 and 1927.

As part of the Government of India’s new Central Vista redevelopment project, a building for Parliament is ready to be inaugurated on 28 May, just opposite the current one.

New Buildings In 2019, the Government of India launched the Central Vista Redevelopment Project, a multi-billion dollar project to redevelop Central Vista, a central administrative region of India near Raisina Hill, New Delhi. Construction of a new parliament building, accommodation for all the members will also be built in the secretariat.

The groundbreaking ceremony for the new building was held in October 2020 and the foundation stone was laid on 10 December 2020. 

2.What is sengol?

Sengol Five feet long rod made of silver and plated with gold. For 800 years from the 8th century onwards, the transfer of power in the Chola Empire took place through this.

It was remodeled after the suggestion of C Rajagopalachari.

On top of it stands Nandi, the protector and symbol of justice.

The Vedic law was handed over from Mountbatten to Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. Later it was kept in the Allahabad Museum.

It will be accepted once again by the Prime Minister from the Tamil priests on the day of its inauguration in the new Parliament House on 28 May and will be installed near the Lok Sabha Speaker’s seat in the Parliament.

3.What is the reason for violence in Manipur?

 The violence began on 3 May after Manipur organized solidarity marches in all districts protesting the Manipur High Court’s order, which had asked the Manipur state government to send a recommendation to the Center regarding the demand. Include Meitei community in the Scheduled Tribe (ST) list.

So far, more than a dozen people have been reported killed, hundreds injured and more than 9,000 people from the Kuki and Meitei communities, among others, displaced.

 Actual cause of dispute:

The immediate provocation was the demand of the Meitei community, which accounts for 53 per cent of Manipur’s population and lives mainly in the Manipur Valley, to be included in the ST list.

 But this is only one reason, apart from this there are many reasons like cookies are also related to the feeling of persecution of the people. Many Chin, people from the same ethnic group across the border in Myanmar, have entered India fleeing violence and persecution, and the government’s tough stance against these so-called illegal immigrants has angered the cookies, to whom they are kin .

 The BJP chief minister’s strong stand against the encroachment of reserved and protected forest areas in the hills of Manipur by the tribal community stems from various reasons, including the fact that several acres of land in the hills are being used for opium cultivation. Is. The government sees its crackdown on forest areas as part of a larger war against drugs.

 One reason is that there is severe pressure on land in Manipur. As the population in tribal villages increases, they tend to spread to the surrounding forest areas, which they consider to be their historical and ancestral rights. This is opposed by the government. Also, the Meiteis living in the valleys are resentful as they are not allowed to settle or buy land in the hilly areas, whereas tribal people can buy land in the valleys.

 Who are the Matai people?

Meitei community in Manipur, their population is 64.6 per cent of the total population of the state. In the state, 90 percent of the people of the Meitei community live in the hilly areas. These people mainly live in the Imphal Valley. These people follow Hinduism and they believe that they converted to Hinduism in the 17th and 18th centuries.

                                                  4.Why the conflict in Sudan?

 Sudan’s paramilitary force ‘Rapid Support Force’ ie RSF and the army there are fighting face to face. The conflict is estimated to have killed 100 civilians and injured around 1,100 so far. According to the latest information, this struggle is now spreading to different areas of the country.

Geographical location of Sudan :

 Until the separation of South Sudan in 2011, Sudan was the largest country in Africa by area. Located in the north-east of Africa, this country borders seven countries.

To its north is the mighty country Egypt, and to its east are Eritrea and Ethiopia. The Red Sea lies to its northeast. South Sudan lies to the south, while Chad and Libya lie to its west.

 What is the reason for the dispute?

There has been a struggle in Sudan since 2021 demanding the transfer of power to a civilian government. The main controversy is over the merger of the army and the paramilitary force ‘RSF’.

Considering the RSF jawans as a threat to itself, the army started a new system last week by changing their deployment. This is the reason why there was resentment among the RSF jawans.

The army and paramilitary forces have been at loggerheads since the October 2021 coup of a joint civilian-military government.

 What is Rapid Support Force?

The Rapid Support Force was formed in 2013. The presence of such a strong security force apart from the army has been considered the reason for the instability of Sudan. It originated as the infamous ‘Janjavid’ rebel organization.

The Rapid Support Force fought brutally against the rebels in Darfur. At that time, he was accused of committing ethnic violence on a large scale.

General Dagalo has since built up a formidable security organization. It also intervened in the conflicts in Yemen and Libya. Controlling many gold mines in Sudan, he has also built a sizeable economic empire.

 What is the role of the army in Sudan?

Mass protests took place in 2019 to oust Omar al-Bashir, who was the President of Sudan. Because of this the army overthrew him. But even after that the citizens continued their campaign for the restoration of democracy.

A joint government of the military and civilians was then established. But it was abolished after another coup in October 2021. But now the army considers the Rapid Support Force as a threat, due to which there is a conflict between the two.

International booker prize

Bulgarian author Angela Rodel has won the International Booker Prize. This award has been given to him for his novel “Time Shelter”. An amount of 50 thousand pounds is given in the International Booker Prize.

 Who is given the International Booker Prize?

The International Booker Prize is awarded to novelists whose novels have been translated into English. The award is one of two literary prizes awarded by the Booker Prize Foundation. In 2005, the International Booker Prize began under the name Man Booker International Prize and was awarded biennially until 2015. It is being given annually since 2016.

What is the theme of Time Shelter?

It envisions a clinic that recreates the past. This is a comic novel. Each floor in it shows a different decade.

Last year, the International Booker Prize was won by Indian author Gitanjali Shree and American translator Daisy Rockwell for “Tomb of Sand”.