DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS –12 OCTOBER 2024
Topics of The Day
- Miton cyclone
- Stubble burning
- India and Maldives relation
- Dussehra
- Map study – Equatorial countries
1.Miton cyclone
Milton is a hurricane that has caused havoc in the Florida region of North America. The storms that come in the coastal areas of North America are called hurricanes. This type of cyclonic storms come in India and other tropical countries in the last week of October.
Cyclones originate from changes in temperature and the rotation of the Earth. In the Northern Hemisphere, their direction is anticlockwise and in the Southern Hemisphere, the direction is clockwise. This direction is due to the Coriolis force. The Coriolis force is generated on the Earth due to the rotation of the Earth.
Cyclones do not originate on the equator because the Coriolis force is zero on the equator. Storms are known by different names in different regional parts. The storms coming in North America are called hurricanes, the storms coming in Japan and local areas are called typhoons, the storms coming in the coastal areas of Australia are called cat cats, the storms coming in the eastern coastal parts of North America and the western parts of Africa are called tornadoes, the storms coming in India are called tropical cyclones.
The effects of cyclones are as follows.
- Flooding in coastal areas
- Severe storms in coastal areas
- Landslides in storm affected areas
- Building collapse
- Heavy rainfall
- Loss of life and property
- Loss of biodiversity
Prevention from cyclones
The origin of cyclones cannot be stopped in any way because there is no human intervention in this, that is, we cannot stop the cyclone from coming, we can only take some special measures to avoid cyclones. These measures include that cyclones come at a specific time and at a specific place, in such a situation, people should not be allowed to go to the affected areas at the expected time.
Infrastructure should not be developed in the affected areas, good transport facilities should be made in coastal areas and cyclone affected areas so that relief materials can be easily delivered to the people when a cyclone arrives, strong infrastructure should be developed in the affected areas and relief materials should be delivered immediately to the affected areas.
- Problem of stubble burning
By the end of October, the problem of stubble burning arises in North India and this problem occurs every year, it is not new. After harvesting the Kharif crop, farmers of North India, especially in Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, set fire to the weeds left from their crop, due to which this problem arises. The main crop is paddy crop, which farmers burn the remaining part of. Despite repeated refusals and explanations by the government and non-governmental organizations, no solution to this problem is found.
Why is straw burnt?
Intensive agriculture is done in North India, especially in Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh. Farmers have to plant one crop after another and they have to vacate their field. Due to this, farmers do not wait for their remaining weeds to decompose naturally and burn it because they are short of time and there is no technique other than burning to dispose of straw. Ultimately, they are forced to burn straw.
Disadvantages of stubble burning
1.Burning straw causes a shortage of organic fertilizers because the weeds that could have decomposed and become fertilizers have now been burnt to ashes.
2.Lack of nutrients in the soil
3.Environmental pollution If straw is burnt, carbon and harmful gases are released, which causes environmental pollution. Poisonous gases accumulate in and around Delhi
4.Problems of fog and invisibility
5.Increase in respiratory diseases in North India
Some measures to avoid the stubble burning
1.Farmers should be suggested to let the straw decompose naturally.
2.The government should make organic decomposers available to farmers so that weeds can be disposed of as soon as possible and farmers do not have to burn it
3.Strict laws should be made and implemented so that this problem can be stopped
4.Awareness should be created among the local people and they should be explained what are the disadvantages of this and what are the benefits of not burning it.
3.Maldives’ changing attitude towards India
Maldive is an island country in the Indian Ocean. Maldives is situated south of India’s Lakshadweep Union Territory. The capital of Maldives is Male. Relations between India and Maldives have always been good. Maldives became independent from British rule in 1966. India was the first country to recognize Maldives as an independent nation and India has always supported Maldives since independence, and Maldives has also respected this cooperation. India has the highest investment in Maldives.
So far, all the governments formed in Maldives have had very good relations with India. In the last few days, some changes have been seen in the relations between India and Maldives. Maldives’ new President Mohammed Moyuzu has been seen to be closer to China than India. Till now it was seen that whenever anyone was appointed as the President of Maldives, he would first visit India.
But this has happened for the first time that instead of coming to India, Mohammed Moyuzu has made his first visit to China. He went to China first instead of coming to India. Many questions were raised in India about this and its effect was also seen. In the last few days, the number of tourists going from India decreased very rapidly. A campaign to boycott Maldives started in India.
Maldive is a country Which economy is tourism based. The economy of India Maldives was hit hard by the boycott of Maldives by Indian tourists. Recently, relations between Maldives and India seem to be getting better again. In August 2024, the Indian Foreign Minister visited Maldives and the Prime Minister of Maldives also attended the swearing-in ceremony of Prime Minister Narendra Modi in June when the new government of India was elected.
Projects in Maldive
Water and sanitation projects have been inaugurated in Maldives by India. The aim of this initiative is to benefit the islands and provide safe drinking water. India is starting sewerage system in 17 islands this project has impacted the lives of more than 28,000 Maldivians and in this way India is running many projects in Maldives and India is investing in Maldives
4.Dussehra
Dussehra is a major Hindu festival celebrated in India. It is also called Vijayadashmi. On this day, Lord Rama killed Ravana and Goddess Durga conquered Mahishasura after a 10-day war during Navratri. Dussehra is celebrated as the victory of truth over falsehood. It is named Vijayadashmi after Goddess Durga conquered Mahishasura after a 10-day war during Navratri.
celebration of Dussehra
It is celebrated on Chaitra Shukl of Chaitra month. On this day people worship and start new work. It is believed that whatever is started on this day is sure to be successful.
One of the cultural aspects of Dussehra is that India is an agricultural country. When farmers bring home the wealth of golden crop grains from their fields, they celebrate this festival with joy and enthusiasm. It is celebrated in different parts of the country. It is also celebrated as a social festival.
The festival of Vijayadashami holds a special place in India because the Hindu population in India is very large. India is a country of cultural harmony and all Indians celebrate Dussehra together.
5.Map study – Equatorial countries
Equatorial country means the country which is situated on the equator i.e. the countries through which the equator passes.
What is the equator?
The equator is zero degree latitude. It is an imaginary latitude. Latitudes are those lines which are spread horizontally on the globe. The equator divides the earth into two equal parts. The northern part of the earth i.e. the northern part of the equator is called the Northern Hemisphere and the southern part of the equator is called the Southern Hemisphere.
The climate around the equator is tropical climate. There is more land in the Northern Hemisphere while there is more water in the Southern Hemisphere.
13 countries are located on the equator, countries of South America, countries of Africa and countries of Asia.
The countries of South America are Ecuador, Colombia and Brazil, the countries of Africa are Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Somalia, Asian countries which are also called island countries are Maldives, Indonesia, Kiribati.
The equator passes through three oceans – Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean.
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