ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE
2019
1.Consider the
following satements:
1.Asiatic lion is
naturally found in India only.
2.Double-humped camel
is naturally found in India only.
3.One-horned
rhinoceros is naturally found in India only.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
2.In the context of
which of the following do some scientists suggest the use of cirrus cloud
thinning technique and the injection of sulphate aerosol into stratosphere?
(a) Creating the
artificial rains in some regions
(b) Reducing the
frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones
(c) Reducing the
adverse effects of solar wind on the Earth
(d) Reducing the
global warming
3. In the context of
which one of the following arc the terms ‘pyrolysis and plasma gasification’
mentioned?
(a) Extraction of rare
earth elements
(b) Natural gas
extraction technologies
(c) Hydrogen
fuel-based automobiles
(d) Waste-to-energy
technologies
(a) Neyyar, ldl
Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger
Reserve
(b) Mudumalai,
Sathyamangalam and Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Silent Valley National
Park
(c) Kaundinya, Gundla
Brahmeswaram and Papikonda Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Mukurthi National Park
(d) Kawal and Sri
Venkateswara Wildlife Sanctuaries; and Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve
5. Consider the
following statements:
1.Some species of
turtles are herbivores.
2.Some species of fish
are herbivores.
3.Some species of
marine mammals are herbivores.
4.Some species of
snakes viviparous.
Which of the
statements given above arc correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
5. Consider the
following pairs Wildlife Naturally found in
1.Blue-finned Mahseer
Cauvery River
2.Irrawaddy Dolphin
Chambal River
3.Rusty-spotted Cat
Eastern Ghats
Which of the pairs
given correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
6.Why is there a great
concern about the ‘microbeads’ that are released into environment?
(a) They are
considered harmful to marine ecosystems.
(b) They are
considered to cause skin cancer in children.
(c) They are small
enough to be absorbed by crop plants in irrigated fields.
(d) They are often
found to be used as food adulterants.
7. Recently, there was
a growing awareness in our country about the importance of Himalayan nettle
(Girardinia diversifolia) because it is found to be a sustainable source of
(a) anti-malarial drug
(b) biodiesel
(c) pulp for paper
industry
(d) textile fibre
8. Which of the
following statements are correct about the deposits of ‘methane hydrate’?
1.Global warming might
trigger the release of methane gas from these deposits.
2.Large deposits of
‘methane hydrate’ are found in Arctic Tundra and under the seafloor.
3.Methane in
atmosphere oxidizes to carbon dioxide after a decade or two.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
9. Consider the
following:
1.Carbon monoxide
2.Methane
3.Ozone
4.Sulphur dioxide
Which of the above are
released into atmosphere due to the burning of crop/biomass residue?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
5.In India, the use of
carbofuran, methyl parathion, phorate and triazophos is viewed with
apprehension. These chemicals are used as
(a) pesticides in
agriculture
(b) preservatives in
processed foods
(c) fruit-ripening
agents
(d) moisturising
agents in cosmetics
6. Consider the
following statements:
1.Under Ramsar
Convention, it is mandatory on the part of the Government of India to protect
and conserve all the wetlands in the territory of India.
2.The Wetlands
(Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 were framed by the Government of
India based on the recommendations of Ramsar Convention.
3.The Wetlands
(Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 also encompass the drainage area or
catchment regions of the wetlands as determined by the authority.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
7.Consider the
following statements:
1.Agricultural soils
release nitrogen oxides into environment.
2.Cattle release
ammonia into environment.
3.Poultry industry
releases reactive nitrogen compounds environment.
Which of the
statements given above is/arc correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
8.What is common to
the places known as Aliyar, Isapur and Kangsabati?
(a) Recently
discovered uranium deposits
(b) Tropical rain
forests
(c) Underground cave
systems
(d) Water reservoirs
9.In the context of
proposals to the use of hydrogen-enriched CNG (H-CNG) as fuel for buses in
public transport, consider the following statements:
(a) The Bio-medical
Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998
(b) The Recycled
Plastic (Manufacturing and Usage) Rules, 1999
(c) The e-Waste
(Management and Handling) Rules, 2011
(d) The Food Safety
and Standard Regulations, 2011
15.Which one of the
following National Parks lies completely in the temperate alpine zone?
(a) Manas National
Park
(b) Namdapha National
Park
(c) Neora Valley
National Park
(d) Valley of Flowers
National Park
2018
1. In which one of the following States is Pakhui Wildlife
Sanctuary located?
(a) Arunachal Pradesh
(b) Manipur
(c) Meghalaya
(d) Nagaland
2. Consider the following statements:
1. The definition of
“Critical Wildlife Habitat” is incorporated in the Forest Rights Act,
2006.
2. For the first time in
India, Baigas have been given Habitat Rights.
3. Union Ministry of
Environment, Forest and Climate Change officially decides and declares Habitat
Rights for Primitive and Vulnerable Tribal Groups in any part of India.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
3. Which of the following is/are the possible
consequence/s of heavy sand mining in riverbeds?
1. Decreased salinity in
the river
2. Pollution of
groundwater
3. Lowering of the
water-table
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
4. Consider the following statements:
1. Most of the world’s
coral reefs are in tropical waters.
2. More than one-third of
the world’s coral reefs are located in the territories of Australia, Indonesia
and Philippines.
3. Coral reefs host far
more number of animal phyla than those hosted by tropical rainforests.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
5. “Momentum for Change: Climate Neutral
Now” is an initiative launched by
(a) The
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(b) The UNEP
Secretariat
(c) The UNFCCC Secretariat
(d) The World
Meterological Organisation
6. Which of the following statements best
describes “carbon fertilization”?
(a) Increased plant growth due to increased concentration of
carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
(b) Increased
temperature of Earth due to increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere.
(c) Increased acidity
of oceans as a result of increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
(d) Adaptation of all
living beings on Earth to the climate change brought about by the increased
concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
7. With reference to the circumstances in
Indian agriculture, the concept of “Conservation Agriculture” assume
significance. Which of the following fall under the Conservation Agriculture?
1. Avoiding monoculture
practices
2. Adopting minimum
tillage
3. Avoiding the
cultivation of plantation crops
4. Using crop residues to
cover soil surface
5. Adopting spatial and
temporal crop sequencing/crop rotations
Select the correct
answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(c) 2, 4 and 5
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 5
8. Which of the following leaf modifications
occur (s) in the desert areas to inhibit water loss?
1. Hard and waxy leaves
2. Tiny leaves
3. Thorns instead of
leaves
Select the correct
answer using the code given below:
(a) 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
9. How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT)
different from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)?
1. The NGT has been
established by an Act whereas the CPCB has been created by an executive order
of the Government.
2. The NGT provides
environmental justice and helps reduce the burden of litigation in the higher
courts whereas the CPCB promotes cleanliness of streams and wells, and aims to
improve the quality of air in the country.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
10. Which of the following has/have shrunk
immensely/dried up in the recent past due to human activities?
1. Aral Sea
2. Black Sea
3. Lake Baikal
Select the correct
answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1 and 3 only
2017
11. The term ‘M-STRIPES’ is sometimes seen in
the news in the context of
(a) Captive breeding
of Wild Fauna
(b) Maintenance of Tiger Reserves
(c) Indigenous
Satellite Navigation System
(d) Security of
National Highways
12. In India, if a species of tortoise is
declared protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972,
what does it imply?
(a) It enjoys the same level of protection as the tiger.
(b) It no longer
exists in the wild, a few individuals are under captive protection; and now it
is impossible to prevent its extinction.
(c) It is endemic to a
particular region of India.
(d) Both (b) and (c)
stated above are correct in this context.
13. Recently there was a proposal to translocate some of the
lions from their natural habitat in Gujarat to which one of the following
sites?
(a) Corbett National
Park
(b) Kuno Palpur Wildlife Sanctuary
(c) Mudumalai Wildlife
Sanctuary
(d) Sariska National
Park
14. With reference to ‘Global Climate Change
Alliance’, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is an initiative of
the European Union.
2. It provides technical
and financial support to targeted developing countries to integrate climate
change into their development policies and budgets.
3. It is coordinated by
World Resources Institute (WRI) and World Business Council for Sustainable
Development (WBCSD).
Select the correct
answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and
15. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a
standard criterion for
(a) Measuring oxygen
levels in blood
(b) Computing- oxygen
levels in forest ecosystems
(c) Pollution assay in aquatic ecosystems
(d) Assessing oxygen
levels in high altitude regions
16. Consider the following statements:
1. Climate and Clean Air
Coalition (CCAC) to Reduce Short Lived Climate Pollutants is a unique initiative
of G20 group of countries.
2. The CCAC focuses on
methane, black carbon and hydrofluorocarbons.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
17. If you want to see gharials in their
natural habitat, which one of the following is the best place to visit?
(a) Bhitarkanika
Mangroves
(b) Chambal River
(c) Pulicat Lake
(d) Deepor Bed
18. From the ecological point of view, which
one of the following assumes importance in being a good link between the
Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats?
(a) Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve
(b) Nallamala Forest
(c) Nagarhole National
Park
(d) Seshachalam
Biosphere Reserve
19. Consider the following statements in
respect of Trade Related Analysis of Fauna and Flora in Commerce (TRAFFIC):
1. TRAFFIC is a bureau
under United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
2. The mission of TRAFFIC
is to ensure that trade in wild plants and animals is not a threat to the
conservation of nature.
Which of the above
statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
20. In the context of solving pollution
problems, what is/are the advantage/advantages of bioremediation technique?
1. It is a technique for
cleaning up pollution by enhancing the same biodegradation process that occurs
in nature.
2. Any contaminant with
heavy metals such as cadmium and lead can be readily and completely treated by
bioremediation using microorganisms.
3. Genetic engineering
can be used to create microorganisms specifically designed for bioremediation.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
21. It is possible to produce algae based
biofuels, but what is/are the likely limitation(s) of developing countries in
promoting this industry?
1. Production of algae
based biofuels is possible in seas only and not on continents.
2. Setting up and
engineering the algae based biofuel production requires high level of
expertise/technology until the construction is completed.
3. Economically viable
production necessitates the setting up of large scale facilities which may
raise ecological and social concerns.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
22. Due to some reasons, if there is a huge
fall in the population of species of butterflies, what could be its likely
consequence/consequences?
1. Pollination of some
plants could be adversely affected.
2. There could be a
drastic increase in the fungal infections of some cultivated plants.
3. It could lead to a
fall in the population of some species of wasps, spiders and birds.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
23. In the context of mitigating the impending
global warming due to anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide, which of the
following can be the potential sites for carbon sequestration?
1. Abandoned and
uneconomic coal seams
2. Depleted oil and gas
reservoirs
3. Subterranean deep
saline formations
Select the correct
answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
24. According to the Wildlife (Protection)
Act, 1972, which of the following animals cannot be hunted by any person except
under some provisions provided by law?
1. Gharial
2. Indian wild ass
3. Wild buffalo
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
2016
25. The term ‘Intended Nationally Determined Contributions’ is
sometimes seen in the news in the context of
(a) pledges made by
the European countries to rehabilitate refugees from the war-affected Middle
East
(b) plan of action outlined by the
countries of the world to combat climate change
(c) capital
contributed by the member countries in the establishment of Asian
Infrastructure Investment Bank
(d) plan of action
outlined by the countries of the world regarding Sustainable Development Goals
26. What is/are the importance/importances of
the ‘United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification’?
1. It aims to promote
effective action through innovative national programmes and supportive
international partnerships.
2. It has a
special/particular focus on South Asia and North Africa regions, and its
Secretariat facilitates the allocation of major portion of financial resources
to these regions.
3. It is committed to
bottom-up approach, encouraging the participation of local people in combating
the desertification.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
27. Consider the following pairs
Terms sometimes
Their origin
seen in the news
1. Annex-I
Countries
: Cartagena Protocol
2. Certified Emissions
Reductions : Nagoya Protocol
3. Clean Development
Mechanism : Kyoto Protocol
Which of the pairs
given above is / are correctly matched?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
28. In which of the following regions of India
are you most likely to come across the ‘Great Indian Hornbill’ in its natural
habitat?
(a) Sand deserts of
northwest India
(b) Higher Himalayas
of Jammu and Kashmir
(c) Salt marshes of
western Gujarat
(d) Western Ghats
29. Which of the following best
describes/describe the aim of ‘Green India Mission’ of the Government of India?
1. Incorporating
environmental benefits and costs into the Union and State Budgets thereby
implementing the ‘green accounting’
2. Launching the second
green revolution to enhance agricultural output so as to ensure food security to
one and all in the future
3. Restoring and
enhancing forest cover and responding to climate change by a combination of
adaptation and mitigation measures
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
30. What is/are unique about ‘Kharai camel’ a
breed found in India?
1. It is capable of
swimming up to three kilometres in seawater.
2. It survives by grazing
on mangroves.
3. It lives in the wild
and cannot be domesticated.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
31. Recently, our scientists have discovered a new and distinct
species of banana plant which attains a height of about 11 metres and has
orange-coloured fruit pulp. In which part of India has it been discovered?
(a) Andaman Islands
(b) Anaimalai Forests
(c) Maikala Hills
(d) Tropical rain
forests of northeast
32. With reference to an initiative called
“The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)” which of the
following statements is/are correct?
1. It is an initiative
hosted by UNEP, IMF and World Economic Forum.
2. It is a global
initiative that focuses on drawing attention to the economic benefits of
biodiversity.
3. It presents an
approach that can help decision-makers recognize, demonstrate and capture the
value of ecosystems and biodiversity.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
33. Which of the following statements is/are
correct? Proper design and effective implementation of UN REDD+ Programme can
significantly contribute to
1. protection of
biodiversity
2. resilience of forest
ecosystems
3. poverty reduction
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
34. What is Greenhouse Gas Protocol?
(a) It is an international accounting tool for government and
business leaders to understand, quantify and manage greenhouse gas emissions
(b) It is an
initiative of the United Nations to offer financial incentives to developing
countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to adopt eco-friendly
technologies
(c) It is an
inter-governmental agreement ratified by all the member countries of the United
Nations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to specified levels by the year 2022
(d) It is one of the
multilateral REDD+ initiatives hosted by the World Bank
35. With reference to ‘Agenda 21’, sometimes
seen in the news, consider the following statements:
1. It is a global action
plan for sustainable development.
2. It originated in the
World Summit on Sustainable Development held in Johannesburg in 2002.
Which of the
statements given above is / are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
36. ‘Gadgil Committee Report’ and ‘Kasturirangam
Committee Report’, sometimes seen in the news, are related to
(a) constitutional
reforms
(b) Ganga Action Plan
(c) linking of rivers
(d) protection of Western Ghats
37. On which of the following can you find the
Bureau of Energy Efficiency Star Label?
1. Ceiling fans
2. Electric geysers
3. Tubular fluorescent
lamps
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
38. Consider the following statements:
1. The International
Solar Alliance was launched at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in
2015.
2. The Alliance includes
all the member countries of the United Nations.
Which of the
statements given above is /are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
39. With reference to the Agreement at the
UNFCCC Meeting in Paris in 2015, which of the following statements is/are
correct?
1. The Agreement was
signed by all the member countries of the UN and it will go into effect in
2017.
2. The Agreement aims to
limit the greenhouse gas emissions so that the rise in average global
temperature by the end of this century does not exceed 2°C or even 1.5°C above
pre-industrial levels.
3. Developed countries
acknowledged their historical responsibility in global warming and committed to
donate $1000 billion a year from 2020 to help developing countries to cope with
climate change.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
40. Consider the following statements:
1. The Sustainable
Development Goals were first proposed in 1972 by a global think tank called the
‘Club of Rome’.
2. The Sustainable
Development Goals have to be achieved by 2030.
Which of the
statements given above is / are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
41. In the cities of our country, which among
the following atmospheric gases are normally considered in calculating the
value of Air Quality Index?
1. Carbon dioxide
2. Carbon monoxide
3. Nitrogen dioxide
4. Sulfur dioxide
5. Methane
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
2015
42. Which one of the following is the best description of the
term ‘ecosystem’ ?
(a) A community of
organisms interacting with one another
(b) That part of the
Earth which is inhabited by living organisms
(c) A community of
organisms together with the environment in which they live
(d) The flora and
fauna of a geographical area
43. With reference to an organization known as
‘BirdLife International’, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is a Global
Partnership of Conservation Organizations.
2. The concept of
‘biodiversity hotspots’ originated from this organization.
3. It identifies the
sites known/ referred to as ‘Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas’.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
44. With reference to the Indian Renewable
Energy Development Agency Limited (IREDA), which of the following statements
is/are correct?
1. It is a Public Limited
Government Company.
2. It is a Non-Banking
Financial Company.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
45. Which of the following National Parks is
unique in being a swamp with floating vegetation that supports a rich
biodiversity?
(a) Bhitarkanika
National Park
(b) Keibul Lamjao National Park
(c) Keoladeo Ghana
National Park
(d) Sultanpur National
Park
46. With reference to the International Union
for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES),
which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. IUCN is an organ of
the United Nations and CITES is an international agreement between governments.
2. IUCN runs thousands of
field projects around the world to better manage natural environments.
3. CITES is legally
binding on the States that have joined it, but this Convention does not take
the place of national laws.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
47. With reference to ‘dugong’, a mammal found
in India, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is a herbivorous
marine animal.
2. It is found along the
entire coast of India.
3. It is given legal
protection under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act; 1972.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 only
48. Which one of the following is the national
aquatic animal of India?
(a) Saltwater
crocodile
(b) Olive ridley
turtle
(c) Gangetic dolphin
(d) Gharial
49. Which one of the following is associated
with the issue of control and phasing out of the use of ozone-depleting
substances?
(a) Bretton Woods
Conference
(b) Montreal Protocol
(c) Kyoto Protocol
(d) Nagoya Protocol
50. Which of the following statements
regarding ‘Green Climate Fund’ is/are correct?
1. It is intended to
assist the developing countries in adaptation and mitigation practices to
counter climate change.
2. It is founded under
the aegis of UNEP, OECD, Asian Development Bank and World Bank.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
51. ‘BioCarbon Fund Initiative for Sustainable
Forest Landscapes’ is managed by the
(a) Asian Development
Bank
(b) International
Monetary Fund
(c) United Nations
Environment Programme
(d) World Bank
52. The Genetic Engineering Appraisal
Committee is constituted under the
(a) Food Safety and
Standards Act, 2006
(b) Geographical
Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999
(c) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
(d) Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972
53. In a particular region in India, the local
people train the roots of living trees into robust bridges across the streams.
As the time passes, these bridges become stronger. These unique ‘living root
bridges’ are found in
(a) Meghalaya
(b) Himachal Pradesh
(c) Jharkhand
(d) Tamil Nadu
54. With reference to ‘Forest Carbon
Partnership Facility’, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is a global
partnership of governments, businesses, civil society and indigenous peoples.
2. It provides financial
aid to universities, individual scientists and institutions involved in
scientific forestry research to develop eco-friendly and climate adaptation
technologies for sustainable forest management.
3. It assists the
countries in their ‘REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest
Degradation+)’ efforts by providing them with financial and technical
assistance.
Select the correct
answer using the code” given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
2014
55. Consider the following international agreements
1. The International
Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
2. The United Nations
Convention to Combat Desertification
3. The World Heritage
Convention
Which of the above
has/have a bearing on the biodiversity?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
56. Consider the following statements
regarding ‘Earth Hour’:
1. It is an initiative of
UNEP and UNESCO.
2. It is a movement in
which the participants switch off the lights for one hour on a certain day
every year.
3. It is a movement to
raise the awareness about the climate change and the need to save the planet.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
57. If a wetland of international importance
is brought under the ‘Montreux Record’, what does it imply?
(a) Changes in
ecological character have occurred, are occurring or are likely to occur in the
wetland as a result of human interference
(b) The country in
which the wetland is located should enact a law to prohibit any human activity
within five kilometres from the edge of the wetland
(c) The survival of
the wetland depends on the cultural practices and traditions of certain
communities living in its vicinity and therefore the cultural diversity therein
should not be destroyed
(d) It is given the
status of ‘World Heritage Site’
58. With reference to Bombay Natural History
Society (BNHS), consider the following statements:
1. It is an autonomous
organization under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
2. It strives to conserve
nature through action-based research, education and public awareness.
3. It organizes and
conducts nature trails and camps for the general public.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
59. With reference to ‘Global Environment
Facility’, which of the following statements is/are correct?
(a) It serves as
financial mechanism for ‘Convention on Biological Diversity’ and ‘United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change’
(b) It undertakes
scientific research on environmental issues at global level
(c) It is an agency
under OECD to facilitate the transfer of technology and funds to underdeveloped
countries with specific aim to protect their environment
(d) Both (a) and (b)
60. With reference to a conservation
organization called ‘Wetlands International’, which of the following statements
is/are correct?
1. It is an
intergovernmental organization formed by the countries which are signatories to
Ramsar Convention.
2. It works at the field
level to develop and mobilize knowledge, and use the practical experience to
advocate for better policies.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
61. Other than poaching, what are the possible
reasons for the decline in the population of Ganges River Dolphins?
1. Construction of dams
and barrages on rivers
2. Increase in the
population of crocodiles in rivers
3. Getting trapped in
fishing nets accidentally
4. U se of synthetic
fertilizers and other agricultural chemicals in crop-fields in the vicinity of
rivers
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
62. Which of the following adds/add carbon
dioxide to the carbon cycle on the planet Earth?
1. Volcanic action
2. Respiration
3. Photosynthesis
4. Decay of organic
matter
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
63. If you walk through countryside, you are
likely to see some birds stalking alongside the cattle to seize the insects
disturbed by their movement through grasses. Which of the following is/are such
bird/birds?
1. Painted Stork
2. Common Myna
3. Black-necked Crane
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
64. With reference to Eco-Sensitive Zones’,
which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Eco-Sensitive Zones
are the areas that are declared under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
2. The purpose of the
declaration of Eco-Sensitive Zones is to prohibit all kinds of human activities
in those zones except agriculture.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
65. Consider the following statements:
1. Animal Welfare Board
of India is established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
2. National Tiger
Conservation Authority is a statutory body.
3. National Ganga River
Basin Authority is chaired by the Prime Minister.
Which of the statements
given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
66. Consider the following pairs
Wetlands
: Confluence
of rivers
1. Harike Wetlands
: Confluence of Beas and
Satluj/Sutlej
2. Keoladeo Ghana
National Park :
Confluence of Banas and Chambal
3. Kolleru Lake
:
Confluence of Musi and Krishna
Which of the above
pairs is/are correctly matched?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
67. The most important strategy for the
conservation of biodiversity together with traditional human life is the
establishment of
(a) biosphere reserves
(b) botanical gardens
(c) national parks
(d) wildlife
sanctuaries
68. The scientific view is that the increase
in global temperature should not exceed 2°C above pre-industrial level. If the
global temperature increases beyond 3°C above the pre-industrial level, what
can be its possible impact/impacts on the world?
1. Terrestrial biosphere
tends toward a net carbon source.
2. Widespread coral
mortality will occur.
3. All the global
wetlands will permanently disappear.
4. Cultivation of cereals
will not be possible anywhere in the world.
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
69. Which of the following are some important
pollutants released by steel industry in India?
1. Oxides of sulphur
2. Oxides of nitrogen
3. Carbon monoxide
4. Carbon dioxide
Select the correct
answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 3 and 4 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
2013
70. Under the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest
Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, who shall be the authority
to initiate the process for determining the nature and extent of individual or
community forest rights or both?
(a) State Forest
Department
(b) District
Collector/Deputy Commissioner
(c) Tahsildar/Block
Development Officer/Mandal Revenue Officer
(d) Gram Sabha
71. Acid rain is caused by the pollution of
environment by
(a) Carbon dioxide and
nitrogen
(b) Carbon monoxide
and carbon dioxide
(c) Ozone and carbon
dioxide
(d) Nitrous oxide and
sulphur dioxide
72. With reference to food chains in
ecosystems, consider the following statements:
1. A food chain
illustrates the order in which a chain of organisms feed upon each other
2. Food chains are found
within the populations of a species
3. A food chain
illustrates the numbers of each organism which are eaten by others
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None
73. In which of the following States is
lion-tailed macaque found in its natural habitat?
1. Tamil Nadu
2. Kerala
3. Karnataka
4. Andhra Pradesh
Select the correct
answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
74. Which one of the following terms describes
not only the physical space occupied by an organism, but also its functional
role in the community of organisms?
(a) Ecotone
(b) Ecological niche
(c) Habitat
(d) Home range
75. Photochemical smog is a resultant of the
reaction among
(a) NO2, O3 and peroxyacetyl
nitrate in the presence of sunlight
(b) CO, O2 and peroxyacetyl
nitrate in the presence of sunlight
(c) CO, CO2 and NO2 at low
temperature
(d) High concentration
of NO2, O3 and CO in the
evening
76. Consider the following:
1. Star tortoise
2. Monitor lizard
3. Pygmy hog
4. Spider monkey
Which of the above are
naturally found in India?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
77. Which of the following can be found as
pollutants in the drinking water in some parts of India?
1. Arsenic
2. Sorbitol
3. Fluoride
4. Formaldehyde
5. Uranium
Select the correct
answer using the codes given below.
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2, 4 and 5 only
(c) 1, 3 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
78. In the grasslands, trees do not replace
the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of
(a) Insects and fungi
(b) Limited sunlight
and paucity of nutrients
(c) Water limits and
fire
(d) None of the above
2012
79. How does National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) help in
protecting the Indian agriculture?
1. NBA checks the
biopiracy and protects the indigenous and traditional genetic resources.
2. NBA directly monitors
and supervises the scientific research on genetic modification of crop plants.
3. Application for
intellectual Property Rights related to genetic/biological resources cannot be
made without the approval of NBA.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
80. If National Water Mission is properly and
completely implemented, how will it impact the country?
1. Part of the water
needs of urban areas will be met through recycling of waste-water.
2. The water requirements
of coastal cities with inadequate alternative sources of water will be met by
adopting appropriate technologies that allow for the use of ocean water.
3. All the rivers of
Himalayan origin will be linked to the rivers of peninsular India.
4. The expenses incurred
by farmers for digging bore-wells and for installing motors and pump-sets to
draw ground-water will be completely reimbursed by the Government.
Select the correct
answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
81. Consider the following statements:
Chlorofluorocarbons,
known as ozone-depleting substances, are used.
1. in the production of
plastic foams
2. in the production of
tubeless tyres
3. in cleaning certain
electronic components
4. as pressurizing agents
in aerosol cans
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
82. Government of India encourages the
cultivation of ‘sea buckthorn’. What is the importance of this plant?
1. It helps in
controlling soil erosion and in preventing desertification:
2. It is a rich source of
bio-diesel.
3. It has nutritional
value and is well-adapted to live in cold areas of high altitudes.
4. Its timber is of great
commercial value.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
83. With reference to the wetlands of India,
consider the following statements:
1. The country’s total
geographical area under the category of wetlands is recorded more in Gujarat as
compared to other States.
2. In India, the total
geographical area of coastal wetlands is larger than that of inland wetlands.
Which of the
statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither I nor 2
84. The increasing amount of carbon dioxide in
the air is slowly raising the temperature of the atmosphere, because it absorbs
(a) the water vapour
of the air and retains its heat
(b) the ultraviolet
part of the solar radiation
(c) all the solar
radiations
(d) the infrared part
of the solar radiation
85. Other than resistance to pests, what are
the prospects for which genetically engineered plants have been created?
1. To enable them to
withstand drought
2. To increase the
nutritive value of the produce
3. To enable them to grow
and do photosynthesis in spaceships and space stations
4. To increase their
shelf life
Select the correct
answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
86. Consider the following protected areas
1. Bandipur
2. Bhitarkanika
3. Manas
4. Sunderbans
Which of the above are
declared Tiger Reserves?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
87. In which one among the following
categories of protected areas in India are local people not allowed to collect
and use the biomass?
(a) Biosphere Reserves
(b) National Parks
(c) Wetlands declared
under Ramsar Convention
(d) Wildlife
Sanctuaries
88. Which one of the following groups of
animals belongs to the category of endangered species?
(a) Great Indian
Bustard, Musk Deer, Red Panda and Asiatic Wild Ass
(b) Kashmir Stag,
Cheetal, Blue Bull and Great Indian Bustard
(c) Snow Leopard,
Swamp Deer, Rhesus Monkey and Saras (Crane)
(d) Lion-tailed
Macaque, Blue Bull, Hanuman Langur and Cheetal
89. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
describes the following major categories of ecosystem services-provisioning,
supporting, regulating, preserving and cultural. Which one of the following is
supporting service?
(a) Production of food
and water
(b) Control of climate
and disease
(c) Nutrient cycling
and crop pollination
(d) Maintenance of
diversity
90. Which of the following can be threats to
the biodiversity of a geographical area?
1. Global warming
2. Fragmentation of
habitat
3. Invasion of alien
species
4. Promotion of
vegetarianism
Select the correct
answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
91. Consider the following:
1. Black-necked crane
2. Cheetah
3. Flying squirrel
4. Snow leopard
Which of the above are
naturally found in India?
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
92. Consider the following agricultural
practices:
1. Contour bunding
2. Relay cropping
3. Zero tillage
In the context of
global climate change, which of the above helps/help in carbon
sequestration/storage in the soil?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) None of them
93. What would happen if phytoplankton of an
ocean is completely destroyed for some reason?
1. The ocean as a carbon
sink would be adversely affected.
2. The food chains in the
ocean would be adversely affected.
3. The density of ocean
water would drastically decrease.
Select the correct
answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
94. Vultures which used to be very common in
Indian countryside some years ago are rarely seen nowadays. This is attributed
to
(a) the destruction of
their nesting sites by new invasive species
(b) a drug used by
cattle owners for treating their diseased cattle
(c) scarcity of food
available to them
(d) a widespread,
persistent and fatal disease among them
2011
95. Biodiversity forms the basis for human existence in the
following ways
1. Soil formation
2. Prevention of soil
erosion
3. Recycling of waste
4. Pollination of crops
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
96. The formation of ozone hole in the
Antarctic region has been a cause, of concern. What could be the reason for the
formation of this hole?
(a) Presence of
prominent tropospheric turbulence; and inflow of chlorofluorocarbons
(b) Presence of
prominent polar front and stratospheric clouds; and inflow of
chlorofluorocarbons
(c) Absence of polar
front and stratospheric clouds; and inflow of methane and chlorofluorocarbons.
(d) Increased
temperature at polar region due to global warming
97. Regarding “carbon credits”,
which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) The carbon credit
system was ratified in conjunction with the Kyoto Protocol
(b) Carbon credits are
awarded to countries or groups that have reduced greenhouse gases below their
emission quota
(c) The goal of the
carbon credit system is to limit the increase of carbon dioxide emission
(d) Carbon credits are
traded at a price fixed from time to time by the United Nations Environment
Programme
98. There is a concern over the increase in
harmful algal blooms in the seawaters of India. What could be the causative
factors for this phenomenon?
1. Discharge of nutrients
from the estuaries.
2. Run-off from the land
during the monsoon.
3. Upwelling in the seas.
Select the correct
answer from the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
99. A sandy and saline area is the natural
habitat of an Indian animal species. The animal has no predators in that area
but its existence is threatened due to the destruction of its habitat. Which
one of the following could be that animal?
(a) Indian wild
buffalo
(b) Indian wild ass
(c) Indian wild boar
(d) Indian gazelle
100. The “Red Data Books” published by the
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)
contain lists of
1. Endemic plant and
animal species present in the biodiversity hotspots.
2. Threatened plant and
animal species.
3. Protected sites for
conservation of nature and natural resources in various countries.
Select the correct
answer using the codes given below;
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
101. Three of the following criteria have
contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats-Sri Lanka and Indo-Burma
regions as hotspots of biodiversity:
1. Species richness
2. Vegetation density
3. Endemism
4. Ethno-botanical
importance
5. Threat perception
6. Adaptation of flora
and fauna to warm and humid conditions
Which three of the
above are correct criteria in this context?
(a) 1, 2 and 6
(b) 2, 4 and 6
(c) 1, 3 and 5
(d) 3, 4 and 6
102. Human activities in the recent past have
caused the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but a
lot of it does not remain in the lower atmosphere because of
1. its escape into the
outer stratosphere.
2. the photosynthesis by
phytoplankton in the oceans
3. the trapping of air in
the polar ice caps.
Which of the
statements given above is/ are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
103. In the context of ecosystem productivity,
marine upwelling zones are important as they increase the marine productivity
by bringing the
1. decomposer
microorganisms to the surface.
2. nutrients to the
surface.
3. bottom-dwelling
organisms to the surface.
Which of the statements
given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 3 only
104. With reference to India, consider the
following Central Acts:
1. Import and Export
(Control) Act, 1947
2. Mining and Mineral
Development (Regulation) Act, 1957
3. Customs Act, 1962
4. Indian Forest Act,
1927
Which of the above
Acts have relevance to/bearing on the biodiversity conservation in the country?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(d) None of the above
Acts
105. Consider the following:
1. Photosynthesis
2. Respiration
3. Decay of organic
matter
4. volcanic action
Which of the above add
carbon dioxide to the carbon cycle on Earth?
(a) 1 and 4 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4