05th May 2023 CURRENT AFFAIRS (Eng.Med.)
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Lord Buddha
Why in discussion?
Introduction to Lord Buddha
Buddha’s teachings
Why in discussion?
Today Buddha Purnima is being celebrated in the country and abroad.
Introduction to Buddha
Lord Buddha was born in Lumbini in 563 BC in the house of King Shuddhodhan of Kshatriya Shakya clan. His mother’s name was Mahamaya who was from the Koliya dynasty, who died seven days after his birth, he was brought up by Mahaprajapati Gautami. At the age of 29, after marriage, Siddhartha left his home and went to the forest in search of the way to get rid of the world from old age, death, sorrows and true divine knowledge, leaving the fascination of the royal path at night. After several years of rigorous practice, he attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya (Bihar) and became Lord Buddha from Siddhartha Gautama. Lord Buddha established the Buddhist Sangha in Sarnath.
Buddha’s teachings
The essence of the teachings of Lord Buddha is non-violence and renunciation. The Four Noble Truths and or the Eightfold Path are the strong foundation of Buddhist teachings.
The following are the Four Noble Truths as the core teachings of Buddhism:
1. The world is full of sorrow and suffering.
2. All suffering has one cause (samudaya) which is desire (trishna).
3. Pain and suffering can be ended by getting rid of desires (nirodha).
4. Craving can be controlled through the eightfold path.
Following are the Ashtanga routes below:
1) Right Thought
2) Due faith
3) Right Speech
4) Samyak Karma
5) Right livelihood
6) due diligence
7) Right memory
8) Samyak Samadhi
2.Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Why in discussion?
What is Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation?
What is the importance
of Shanghai Cooperation Organization for India?
Is the Shanghai
Cooperation Organization capable of bringing prosperity and peace to Asia and
the world?
What is the future of
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?
Why
in discussion?
A meeting of foreign
ministers of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is being held in Goa.
What
is Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?
The Shanghai Cooperation
Organization is a permanent international organization consisting of eight
member states—Russia, China, India, Pakistan, and four Central Asian
countries—Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Mongolia, Iran,
Afghanistan and Belarus are included as observer countries. It is a group of
Asia and Central Asia countries.
What
is the importance of Shanghai Cooperation Organization for India?
The importance of
Shanghai Cooperation Organization is as follows.
1. To strengthen mutual
trust and harmony among the member countries.
2. To promote
cooperation in political trade and economy, research and technology.
3. Increasing
cooperation in education, energy, transport, tourism, environmental
degradation.
4. Maintaining peace, security
and stability in the region.
Is the Shanghai
Cooperation Organization capable of bringing prosperity and peace to Asia and
the world?
Yes of course it is a
group of capable countries of Asia and Central Asia, it includes powers like
Russia, China, India.
What
is the future of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?
The following may be the
future challenges for the Shanghai Organization.
1. Combating terrorism,
separatism, stopping drug and arms trafficking and preventing illegal
immigration.
2. The diversity of
history, background, language, national interests and culture of the members of
the organization, despite their geographical proximity, makes the
decision-making process of the SCO challenging.
3. The attitude of the
Shanghai Cooperation Organization is anti-Western in many respects, due to
which India’s relations with Western countries can become tense.
4. Russia and China have
significant influence in SCO, both are co-founding members, so there are less
opportunities for India to play a leadership role in this organization.